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Random forest automated supervised classification of Hipparcos periodic variable stars
We present an evaluation of the performance of an automatedclassification of the Hipparcos periodic variable stars into 26 types.The sub-sample with the most reliable variability types available in theliterature is used to train supervised algorithms to characterize thetype dependencies on a number of attributes. The most useful attributesevaluated with the random forest methodology include, in decreasingorder of importance, the period, the amplitude, the V-I colour index,the absolute magnitude, the residual around the folded light-curvemodel, the magnitude distribution skewness and the amplitude of thesecond harmonic of the Fourier series model relative to that of thefundamental frequency. Random forests and a multi-stage scheme involvingBayesian network and Gaussian mixture methods lead to statisticallyequivalent results. In standard 10-fold cross-validation (CV)experiments, the rate of correct classification is between 90 and 100per cent, depending on the variability type. The main mis-classificationcases, up to a rate of about 10 per cent, arise due to confusion betweenSPB and ACV blue variables and between eclipsing binaries, ellipsoidalvariables and other variability types. Our training set and thepredicted types for the other Hipparcos periodic stars are availableonline.
| BAV-Results of observations - Photoelectric minima of selected eclipsing binaries and maxima of pulsating stars.
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| BAV-Results of Observations - Photoelectric Minima of Selected Eclipsing Binaries and Maxima of Pulsating Stars
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| The PASTEL catalogue of stellar parameters
Aims: The PASTEL catalogue is an update of the [Fe/H] catalogue,published in 1997 and 2001. It is a bibliographical compilation ofstellar atmospheric parameters providing (T_eff, log g, [Fe/H])determinations obtained from the analysis of high resolution, highsignal-to-noise spectra, carried out with model atmospheres. PASTEL alsoprovides determinations of the one parameter T_eff based on variousmethods. It is aimed in the future to provide also homogenizedatmospheric parameters and elemental abundances, radial and rotationalvelocities. A web interface has been created to query the catalogue onelaborated criteria. PASTEL is also distributed through the CDS databaseand VizieR. Methods: To make it as complete as possible, the mainjournals have been surveyed, as well as the CDS database, to findrelevant publications. The catalogue is regularly updated with newdeterminations found in the literature. Results: As of Febuary2010, PASTEL includes 30151 determinations of either T_eff or (T_eff,log g, [Fe/H]) for 16 649 different stars corresponding to 865bibliographical references. Nearly 6000 stars have a determination ofthe three parameters (T_eff, log g, [Fe/H]) with a high qualityspectroscopic metallicity.The catalogue can be queried through a dedicated web interface at http://pastel.obs.u-bordeaux1.fr/.It is also available in electronic form at the Centre de DonnéesStellaires in Strasbourg (http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=B/pastel),at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) orvia http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/515/A111
| Accurate masses and radii of normal stars: modern results and applications
This article presents and discusses a critical compilation of accurate,fundamental determinations of stellar masses and radii. We haveidentified 95 detached binary systems containing 190 stars (94 eclipsingsystems, and ? Centauri) that satisfy our criterion that the massand radius of both stars be known within errors of ±3% accuracyor better. All of them are non-interacting systems, and so the starsshould have evolved as if they were single. This sample more thandoubles that of the earlier similar review by Andersen (Astron AstrophysRev 3:91-126, 1991), extends the mass range at both ends and, forthe first time, includes an extragalactic binary. In every case, we haveexamined the original data and recomputed the stellar parameters with aconsistent set of assumptions and physical constants. To these we addinterstellar reddening, effective temperature, metal abundance,rotational velocity and apsidal motion determinations when available,and we compute a number of other physical parameters, notably luminosityand distance. These accurate physical parameters reveal the effects ofstellar evolution with unprecedented clarity, and we discuss the use ofthe data in observational tests of stellar evolution models in somedetail. Earlier findings of significant structural differences betweenmoderately fast-rotating, mildly active stars and single stars, ascribedto the presence of strong magnetic and spot activity, are confirmedbeyond doubt. We also show how the best data can be used to testprescriptions for the subtle interplay between convection, diffusion,and other non-classical effects in stellar models. The amount andquality of the data also allow us to analyse the tidal evolution of thesystems in considerable depth, testing prescriptions of rotationalsynchronisation and orbital circularisation in greater detail thanpossible before. We show that the formulae for pseudo-synchronisation ofstars in eccentric orbits predict the observed rotations quite well,except for very young and/or widely separated stars. Deviations dooccur, however, especially for stars with convective envelopes. Thesuperior data set finally demonstrates that apsidal motion rates aspredicted from General Relativity plus tidal theory are in goodagreement with the best observational data. No reliable binary dataexist, which challenge General Relativity to any significant extent. Thenew data also enable us to derive empirical calibrations of M and R forsingle (post-) main-sequence stars above {0.6 M_{odot}}. Simple,polynomial functions of T eff, log g and [Fe/H] yield M and Rwithin errors of 6 and 3%, respectively. Excellent agreement is foundwith independent determinations for host stars of transiting extrasolarplanets, and good agreement with determinations of M and R from stellarmodels as constrained by trigonometric parallaxes and spectroscopicvalues of T eff and [Fe/H]. Finally, we list a set of 23interferometric binaries with masses known to be better than 3%, butwithout fundamental radius determinations (except ? Aur). Wediscuss the prospects for improving these and other stellar parametersin the near future.
| Synchronization and circularization in early-type binaries on main sequence
We showed in a preceding paper based on an analysis of the observedrates of apsidal motion that synchronization in early-type eclipsingbinaries continues on the main sequence, and the observedsynchronization times, tsyn, agree with the Zahn's theory andare inconsistent with the shorter time-scale proposed by Tassoul. Itfollows from this that circularization in early-type binaries must alsoproceed in accordance with the Zahn's theory because the circularizationtimes, tcirc, in both theories are rather tightly related totsyn via relation tcirc ~?tsyn,where ? is the orbital-to-axial momentum ratio.To further investigate this problem, we compile a catalogue of 101eclipsing binaries with early-type main-sequence components(M1,2 > 1.6Msolar). We determine the ages, t,and circularization time-scales, tcirc, for all these systemsin terms of the two competing theories by comparing observational datawith modern models of stellar evolution of Claret and atmospheric modelsof Kurucz. We compute tcirc with the allowance for theevolutionary variations of the physical parameters of the componentsand, for the first time in such studies, also take into account thevariations of the orbital parameters (P, a, e) in the process ofcircularization subject to the conservation of the total angularmomentum.The results of these computations show that the mechanism of orbitalcircularization in early-type close binary systems (CBSs) suggested byTassoul is, like in the case of synchronization, inconsistent withobservational data. At the same time, the Zahn's mechanism, which isbased on the dissipation of the energy of dynamic tides in the upperlayers of the envelopes of CBSs components due to non-adiabaticity ofthese layers, agrees satisfactorily with observations.
| BAV-Results of Observations - Photoelectric Minima of Selected Eclipsing Binaries and Maxima of Pulsating Stars
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| Radii of Rapidly Rotating Stars, with Application to Transiting-Planet Hosts
The currently favored method for estimating radii and other parametersof transiting-planet host stars is to match theoretical models toobservations of the stellar mean density ?*, theeffective temperature T eff, and the composition parameter[Z]. This explicitly model-dependent approach is based on readilyavailable observations, and results in small formal errors. Itsperformance will be central to the reliability of results fromground-based transit surveys such as TrES, HAT, and SuperWASP, as wellas to the space-borne missions MOST, CoRoT, and Kepler. Here, I use twocalibration samples of stars (eclipsing binaries (EBs) and stars forwhich asteroseismic analyses are available) having well-determinedmasses and radii to estimate the accuracy and systematic errors inherentin the ?* method. When matching to the Yonsei-Yalestellar evolution models, I find the most important systematic errorresults from selection bias favoring rapidly rotating (hence probablymagnetically active) stars among the EB sample. If unaccounted for, thisbias leads to a mass-dependent underestimate of stellar radii by as muchas 4% for stars of 0.4 M sun, decreasing to zero for massesabove about 1.4 M sun. Relative errors in estimated stellarmasses are three times larger than those in radii. The asteroseismicsample suggests (albeit with significant uncertainty) that systematicerrors are small for slowly rotating, inactive stars. Systematic errorsarising from failings of the Yonsei-Yale models of inactive starsprobably exist, but are difficult to assess because of the small numberof well-characterized comparison stars having low mass and slowrotation. Poor information about [Z] is an important source of randomerror, and may be a minor source of systematic error as well. Withsuitable corrections for rotation, it is likely that systematic errorsin the ?* method can be comparable to or smaller than therandom errors, yielding radii that are accurate to about 2% for moststars.
| Photoelectric Minima of Selected Eclipsing Binaries and Maxima of Pulsating Stars
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| A catalogue of eclipsing variables
A new catalogue of 6330 eclipsing variable stars is presented. Thecatalogue was developed from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars(GCVS) and its textual remarks by including recently publishedinformation about classification of 843 systems and making correspondingcorrections of GCVS data. The catalogue1 represents thelargest list of eclipsing binaries classified from observations.
| Absolute Properties of the Upper Main-Sequence Eclipsing Binary Star MU Cassiopeiae
We present 6151 differential observations in the V filter measured by arobotic telescope, as well as 29 pairs of radial velocities fromhigh-resolution spectroscopic observations, of the detached, EA-type,9.65 day period double-lined eclipsing binary star MU Cas. Absolutedimensions of the components are determined with good precision (betterthan 2% in the masses and radii) for the purpose of testing variousaspects of theoretical modeling. We obtain 4.57+/-0.09 Msolarand 3.67+/-0.04 Rsolar for the hotter, but smaller, lessmassive and less luminous photometric primary (star A), and 4.66+/-0.10Msolar and 4.19+/-0.05 Rsolar for the cooler,larger, more massive and more luminous photometric secondary (star B).The effective temperatures and interstellar reddening of the stars areaccurately determined from uvbyβ photometry: 15,100+/-500 K for theprimary, 14,750+/-500 K for the secondary-corresponding to spectraltypes of B5 and B5-and 0.356 mag for Eb-y. The stars arelocated at a distance of about 1.7 kpc near the plane of the Galacticdisk. The orbits of the stars are eccentric, and spectral line widthsgive observed rotational velocities that are synchronous with the meanorbital motion for both components. The components of MU Cas are uppermain-sequence stars with an age of about 65 Myr according to models.
| Close binary stars in ob-association regions i. preliminary investigation
We performed a sample of O- and B-eclipsing binary stars inOB-association regions and obtained the preliminary list of 147 binariesin 45 OB-association regions. We tried to elucidate the question whether(or not) the close binaries belong to corresponding OB-associations,from the commonness of their proper motions, radial velocities anddistances. Based on the completeness of the data,the binaries aredevided into three groups and the scheme for calculation of degree ofbelonging of stars to OB-associations is developed. Necessary data arenot available for nine systems and they are given in a specific table.For 12 cases, the binaries project onto the regions of two associations.We show that 33 (22.3%) close binary stars are members, 65 (43.9%) areprobable members and 39 (26.4%) are less probable members of theOB-associations. We find that 11 binaries belong to the Galaxybackground. The comparison of the distributions of orbital periods forthe binaries in OB-associations and for O-, B-binaries of the Galaxybackground shows their considerable differences in the vicinity of thetwo-day period.
| Up-to-Date Linear Elements of Eclipsing Binaries
About 1800 O-C diagrams of eclipsing binaries were analyzed and up-todate linear elements were computed. The regularly updated ephemerides(as a continuation of SAC) are available only in electronic form at theInternet address: http://www.as.ap.krakow.pl/ephem/.
| Catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations for FGK stars: 2001 edition
The catalogue presented here is a compilation of published atmosphericparameters (Teff, log g, [Fe/H]) obtained from highresolution, high signal-to-noise spectroscopic observations. This newedition has changed compared to the five previous versions. It is nowrestricted to intermediate and low mass stars (F, G and K stars). Itcontains 6354 determinations of (Teff, log g, [Fe/H]) for3356 stars, including 909 stars in 79 stellar systems. The literature iscomplete between January 1980 and December 2000 and includes 378references. The catalogue is made up of two tables, one for field starsand one for stars in galactic associations, open and globular clustersand external galaxies. The catalogue is distributed through the CDSdatabase. Access to the catalogue with cross-identification to othersets of data is also possible with VizieR (Ochsenbein et al.\cite{och00}). The catalogue (Tables 1 and 2) is only available inelectronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/373/159 and VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/.
| Coordinates and Identifications for Sonneberg Variables on MVS 308-316
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| UBV photometry of selected eclipsing binary stars
The study reports new UBV observations of 69 eclipsing binary stars andprovides outside-eclipse averages. Revised photometric properties offive of the binaries, for which absolute properties were publishedpreviously, are computed. Comparisons are made with previous photometry,when available, and notes are given for some individual systems.
| A spectral survey of early-type stars in the region of Cassiopeia using an objective prism
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| An Updated List of Eclipsing Binaries Showing Apsidal Motion
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| Population studies. II - Kinematics as a function of abundance and galactocentric position for (Fe/H) of -0.6 or less
A catalog is presented of some 1200 Galactic objects which have radialvelocities and (Fe/H) abundances of -0.6 or less. These data areanalyzed to yield information on the kinematic properties of the olderpopulations of the Galaxy and on the interdependence between kinematicsand abundance. It is found that the kinematics of the availablekinematically selected stars differ from those of the nonkinematicallyselected objects. No evidence is found for any significant difference inthe kinematic properties of the various halo subgroups, nor for anydependence of kinematics on abundance. While the rotation of the halo issmall at about 37 km/s for (Fe/H) of -1.2 or less, it rises quickly forhigher abundances to a value of about 160 km/s at (Fe/H) = 0.6. Objectsin the abundance range -0.9 to -0.6 appear to belong predominantly to apopulation possessing the kinematic characteristics of a thick disk. Theimplications of these findings for the suggestion that globular clustersbelong to the same population as the noncluster objects, for the originof the thick disk, and for the mass of the Galaxy are discussed.
| Normal supergiants and their imitations. I - Sodium as a mass indicator?
Considering the possibility for a low-mass celestial body to attain highluminosity, characteristic for a normal supergiant, and mimicspectroscopic and photometric behavior of the latter, a method isproposed that could be possibly used to distinguish between supergiantsand their limitations. In this method, surface abundance of Na-23 wasused as a probable mass indicator, deriving the sodium-to-mass relationfor a sample of 34 well-observed stars. Special attention was paid tothe parameter-related errors and non-LTE effects for the Na I lines inthe visible. To account for the initial sodium content, all sodiumabundances were normalized, using the Na/Fe relation derived fromsolar-type dwarfs. The plot of the normalized sodium abundance againststellar mass has revealed a direct relationship between the twoparameters, suggesting a real interdependence. The classical Cepheid XCyg, believed to be a true intermediate-mass star, was well within thehighly scattered relation.
| New Double-Lined Eclipsing Binaries Found with RETICON, Digicon, and CCD Detectors
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| Strömgren four-colour observations of Northern Hemisphere binary systems
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| MU Cas - not an RRs Star
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| Ephemerides of eclipsing stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1963AJ.....68..257W&db_key=AST
| Studio delle stelle variabili del campo attorno a beta Cassiopeiae.
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| Examen de 138 étoiles du "Catalogue of suspected variable stars"
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | カシオペヤ座 |
| Right ascension: | 00h15m51.56s |
| Declination: | +60°25'53.6" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 10.81 |
| Proper motion RA: | -2.1 |
| Proper motion Dec: | 0 |
| B-T magnitude: | 11.181 |
| V-T magnitude: | 10.841 |
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